Just some additional thoughts for you to consider.
Writing to the drive will, of course, destroy what is there, so use dd or badblocks only after recovering what you can.
You do not have other partitions on the drive, only "i". But if you did have other partitions, you should expect you might have bad sectors among them as well.
Kernel messages regarding sector numbers will be the physical sectors numbers used by the drive. Userland programs, such as fsck_ffs, will report sector numbers within the partition. They will not be identical, unless you are running a program against the "c" partition, which is of the whole drive.
Use raw partitions with dd or badblocks, to maximize performance.
You can communicate with the drive electronics (SMART) using atactl(8); I prefer the smartmontools package, as I find it easier to use. This may be able to provide you with a better understanding of the state of your drive. What comes from SMART is up to the drive vendor, some manufacturers produce more information than others.
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