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Old 13th October 2011
Fred974 Fred974 is offline
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Cool disk partition layout advise

Hi guys,
I'm new to FreeBSD and I’m trying to setup a test web server using a in VMware esxi 5 before I consider doing anything live with real data.
I'm however struggling to see what I should have for the server disk layout.
So far I thought of having the following:
Code:
/ 1Gb
swap:	512Mb
/var:	1Gb
/tmp:	1GB
/usr:	5Gb
/home: rest of the disk (do i really need this one?)
The VM will have 60GB Hard drive and 512Mb Ram(can be more if necessary).
The server will host the web (apache), a Mysql database and a mail server.

Do you think the disk allocation is correct?
Do you think I should split the web, database and the mail sewrvers into different VM's?

Thank you very much for your help.

Fred
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Old 13th October 2011
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vermaden vermaden is offline
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Quote:
Originally Posted by Fred974 View Post
Code:
/ 1Gb
swap:	512Mb
/var:	1Gb
/tmp:	1GB
/usr:	5Gb
/home: rest of the disk (do i really need this one?)
Its ok, You can as well use something like that:

Code:
   /: 1G
swap: 1G
/var: 1G
/tmp: 1G
/usr: {REST} (and /home will be as /usr/home - that is the default)
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Old 13th October 2011
J65nko J65nko is offline
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Quote:
/usr: {REST} (and /home will be as /usr/home - that is the default)
dump(8) only works on a complete filesystem.
By having a separate home partition you can use dump/restore for creating/restoring backups of the home dir.
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Old 13th October 2011
Fred974 Fred974 is offline
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hi guys thank you for your reply.
J65nko, are you saying partition i've posted is best or the one sugested by vermaden?

Sorry, i'm new to it all
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Old 13th October 2011
J65nko J65nko is offline
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Because I use dump for backups, I always create a separate partition for /home.

If it is part of "/usr" and want to create a backup with dump, you have to backup everything in "/usr". Then the backup includes the "/usr/{bin,sbin,local}" directories which roughly make up 80% of the FreeBSD base install. So by having a separate home, you have to backup less

I don't know the amount of disk space you have reserved for FreeBSD , but I would suggest to increase "/usr" from 5 to 10 GB.

Whatever you choose, most users after finding out how much space they actually need, usually will reinstall FreeBSD after one or two weeks anyway
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Old 13th October 2011
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I always recommend a single large "a" partition for everything on new systems where sizing has not yet been determined. This is pretty typical for new workstation users, but I think that advice holds for new servers as well, if the admin(s) are unfamiliar with the applications being deployed. After things are up and running, repartitioning can be done with some confidence.

Having multiple partitions adds a lot of management value -- once they are sized correctly. Before then, incorrectly sized partitions may cause scheduled downtime for repartitioning and at the very least may add stress.
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Old 17th October 2011
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My advice on large partitions holds to a point, but there are practical limits. The root partition must still be bootable; it must be FFS and not FFS2. Even though this is an expedient, and should be considered transitory, it is possible to run this way long term. There are security and operational implications to doing so. FAQ 14.8 discusses this in some detail.

I mention this because there was a thread on misc@ about an unbootable installation:

http://comments.gmane.org/gmane.os.openbsd.misc/189615
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Old 17th October 2011
J65nko J65nko is offline
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The discussion on misc was about OpenBSD, the OP is asking advice about FreeBSD partition layout ;-)
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Old 17th October 2011
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Oops.
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Old 17th October 2011
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Quote:
Originally Posted by jggimi View Post
Oops.
Why is this section still at the top of daemonforums? FreeBSD has their own exclusive V.I.P. club.

We need special treatment.
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Old 24th October 2011
Fred974 Fred974 is offline
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thank guys,

I'll take it all onboard and keep learning...I'll probably reinstall openbsd as sugested above at some point ...
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Old 3rd November 2011
ocicat ocicat is offline
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Quote:
Originally Posted by Fred974 View Post
I'll probably reinstall openbsd as sugested above at some point ...
Fred974, while the information presented about OpenBSD is valid, there is no reason to construe that FreeBSD is not capable of custom partitioning. FreeBSD is an equally viable choice.
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Old 3rd November 2011
Fred974 Fred974 is offline
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Hi ocicat,

FreeBSD is the OS that I will be using. I have been looking around and the support and tutorial is way bigger than OpenBSD. I guess, once i master FreeBSD it shouldn't be that difficult to switch to OpenBSD later on if needed.

My Plan is now to have my web server setup with FreeBSD and have 3 jails in it.
1x for webserver
1x for MySQL DB
1x for Email Server

Now...looking at the FreeBSD manual, the jail get installed in the
Quote:
/usr/jail/webserver
/usr/jail/Mysql
/usr/jail/dovecot
I was wondering how this will affect my back up as J65nko pointed out the following:
Quote:
Because I use dump for backups, I always create a separate partition for /home.

If it is part of "/usr" and want to create a backup with dump, you have to backup everything in "/usr". Then the backup includes the "/usr/{bin,sbin,local}" directories which roughly make up 80% of the FreeBSD base install. So by having a separate home, you have to backup less
Forgot to mention that i will have to have virtualbox install to host windows xp as it will be used for the office voip

I really need to get the partitions right as i really need to be back online (hostmonster has lost all my files and left me in deep s***)

The hardware is HP Prolian Micro Server with 5Gb Ram and about 250Bg disk

Sorry to bug you all and Thank you very much for all your replies

Fred
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Old 7th November 2011
J65nko J65nko is offline
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Because nobody has or probably will run the exact configuration like you, you could do a test install on a local box with the same size of disk or FreeBSD slice. Use the advice of jggimi, by putting everything in a single giant "a" partition/label and calculate the sizes from that.

You can calculate those sizes with "du"
Code:
j65nko@hercules[~] du -hs /home/j65nko
5.1G    /home/j65nko
j65nko@hercules[~] du -hs /var/log
1.1M    /var/log
See du(1).

I thought I already posted this several days ago, but apparently I forgot to click the "Submit Reply" button
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Old 8th November 2011
Fred974 Fred974 is offline
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many thank for your reply J65nko.
I have setup a VM to test all this theories
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