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Old 21st July 2016
Funkygoby Funkygoby is offline
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Default MultiBoot OpenBSD/Debian

Hello there!

Long description, then problem, then question.

Description:
My main OS is Debian oldstable for now on my main laptop and I used to teach myself OpenBSD with a spare dedicated latptop.
This second laptop as been lend to a friend who was in distress since here macbook had died.

Now, this laptop is back in my house and I can resume my learning.
I was planning to install Debian jessie for android dev and OpenBSD on his disk.

-First I installed Debian. I partitionned the disk like that:
sda1 50GB empty (for OBSD)
sda2 50GB for debian separated in 3 logicals partitions (/,swap and /home)
Installation went smoothly as I am seasonned with debian installation.

-Then, I proceed with OBSD installation (not my first time either but still newbie).
I may not remember exactly what I did but I am pretty sure I choose (e)dit at the partition step, didn't see the layout I was expecting (2 primary partitions), tried to build some layout anyway then cancelled.

At this point, I was expecting the layout to be still intact but I was wrong...

Problem:
On reboot, no os found. So I reinstalled debian 8 and I am waiting for more insight before retrying the OBSD install.

Question:
When does OpenBSD fdisk proceed? I though that any writing on disk wouldn't occur until I say so?
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Old 21st July 2016
shep shep is offline
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I'm dualbooting Debian Testing with OpenBSD current on an i386 system.

I installed Debian with
/ = /dev/sda1
swap = /dev/sda2
/home = /dev/sda3

Leave space for OpenBSD on /dev/sda4

Use fdisk to label sda4 as an OpenBSD file system (Type A6). Then install OpenBSD into the OpenBSD partition. Do not use the whole disk!

Reboot to debian and add an OpenBSD chain loading command in /etc/grub.d. Run # update-grub

This is a rough overview - I can provide specifics if needed later.

Last edited by shep; 24th July 2016 at 02:42 PM. Reason: Added f/u, corrected update-grub, /etc/grub -> /etc/grub.d
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Old 23rd July 2016
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hitest hitest is offline
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Quote:
Originally Posted by shep View Post
I'm dualbooting Debian Testing with OpenBSD current on an i386 system.

I installed Debian with
/ = /dev/sda1
swap = /dev/sda2
/home = /dev/sda3

Leave space for OpenBSD on /dev/sda4

Use fdisk to label sda4 as an OpenBSD file system (Type A6). Then install OpenBSD into the OpenBSD partition. Do not use the whole disk!

Reboot to debian and add an OpenBSD chain loading command in /etc/grub. Run # update-grub

This is a rough overview - I can provide specifics if needed later.
I run a similar set-up dual booting Slackware 14.2 and OpenBSD 5.9. The only difference is that I add the following at the end of /etc/lilo.conf

other = /dev/sda4
label = OpenBSD
table = /dev/sda

After editing /etc/lilo.conf I run # lilo -P fix and reboot. That will do it.
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Old 23rd July 2016
Funkygoby Funkygoby is offline
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Thanks all.

@jggimi:
So fsdisk is the same in the installer and in the base and as such, behave the same way. I'll be more careful when I reach the fdisk step.

@shep, scottro, e1-531g, hitest:
Ok, I will retry this after I format a primary part to OpenBSD type.
After the install a simple os-probe and grub-install will suffice under debian.
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Old 25th July 2016
shep shep is offline
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Quote:
Originally Posted by Funkygoby View Post
Thanks all.

@jggimi:
So fsdisk is the same in the installer and in the base and as such, behave the same way. I'll be more careful when I reach the fdisk step.
My understanding is that fdisk has some variations between linux distributions and BSD's

After installing Debian, I installed Debian's fdisk package and used it to label the /dev/sda4 partition as A6. You could probably drop to the command line and run OpenBSD fdisk during the OpenBSD install. I felt more comfortable editing partition tables in Debian's bootloader using Debian's fdisk.
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Old 23rd July 2016
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Quote:
Originally Posted by shep View Post
Reboot to debian and add an OpenBSD chain loading command in /etc/grub. Run # update-grub

This is a rough overview - I can provide specifics if needed later.
Hey shep, thanks for the overview! Can you please provide the chain loading command in /etc/grub? I am curious.
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Old 24th July 2016
shep shep is offline
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Quote:
Originally Posted by hitest View Post
Hey shep, thanks for the overview! Can you please provide the chain loading command in /etc/grub? I am curious.
I used this guide. Also found in the mailing lists.

My /etc/grub.d/40_custom

Code:
#!/bin/sh
exec tail -n +3 $0
# This file provides an easy way to add custom menu entries.  Simply type the
# menu entries you want to add after this comment.  Be careful not to change
# the 'exec tail' line above.
menuentry "OpenBSD Current" {
        set root=(hd0,4)
        chainloader +1
}

Last edited by shep; 24th July 2016 at 02:52 PM.
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Old 24th July 2016
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hitest hitest is offline
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Quote:
Originally Posted by shep View Post
My /etc/grub.d/40_custom

Code:
#!/bin/sh
exec tail -n +3 $0
# This file provides an easy way to add custom menu entries.  Simply type the
# menu entries you want to add after this comment.  Be careful not to change
# the 'exec tail' line above.
menuentry "OpenBSD Current" {
        set root=(hd0,4)
        chainloader +1
}
Thanks, shep.
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Old 3rd March 2019
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hrsetrdr hrsetrdr is offline
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Quote:
Originally Posted by shep View Post
I'm dualbooting Debian Testing with OpenBSD current on an i386 system.

I installed Debian with
/ = /dev/sda1
swap = /dev/sda2
/home = /dev/sda3

Leave space for OpenBSD on /dev/sda4

Use fdisk to label sda4 as an OpenBSD file system (Type A6). Then install OpenBSD into the OpenBSD partition. Do not use the whole disk!

Reboot to debian and add an OpenBSD chain loading command in /etc/grub.d. Run # update-grub

This is a rough overview - I can provide specifics if needed later.
I am planning this very same type install, just wondering if this thread is still relevant for a Debian + OBSD 6.4?
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Old 4th March 2019
shep shep is offline
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Quote:
Originally Posted by hrsetrdr View Post
I am planning this very same type install, just wondering if this thread is still relevant for a Debian + OBSD 6.4?
This is still relevant for MBR bootloaders. In the interim GPT/UEFI bootloading has become a newer option for supported hardware. I'm presently running Debian 10(Buster) and OpenBSD 6.4 with a GPT bootloader and this entry in Debian /etc/grub.d/40_custom

Code:
#!/bin/sh
exec tail -n +3 $0
# This file provides an easy way to add custom menu entries.  Simply type the
# menu entries you want to add after this comment.  Be careful not to change
# the 'exec tail' line above.
menuentry 'OpenBSD' {
         insmod part_gpt
         insmod search_fs_uuid
         insmod chain
         chainloader (hd0,gpt1)/BSD_BOOTX64.EFI
}
I renamed BOOTX64.EFI from OpenBSD to BSD_BOOTX64.EFI and copied it over to Debian /boot/efi/.

You can source BOOTX64.EFI from this howto:

https://blog.jasper.la/openbsd-uefi-...der-howto.html

Remember to create a new /boot/grub/grub.cfg file with the root command: update-grub.

Last edited by shep; 4th March 2019 at 12:11 AM.
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Old 4th March 2019
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Head_on_a_Stick Head_on_a_Stick is offline
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Quote:
Originally Posted by shep View Post
I renamed BOOTX64.EFI from OpenBSD to BSD_BOOTX64.EFI and copied it over to Debian /boot/efi/.
You can keep OpenBSD's BOOTX64.EFI loader in the original location and use this instead:
Code:
menuentry 'OpenBSD' {
   set root='hd0,gpt1'
   chainloader EFI/BOOT/BOOTX64.EFI
}
^ If that is saved as /boot/grub/custom.cfg then there is no need to run `update-grub` afterwards, it will be sourced automatically by Debian's standard grub.cfg

The only caveat here is that some defective UEFI implementations will boot $ESP/EFI/BOOT/BOOTX64.EFI automatically even if Debian's GRUB creates NVRAM entries instructing the motherboard to do otherwise, in that case moving BOOTX64.EFI will be necessary to load GRUB's menu.

I find the insmod commands unnecessary, GRUB loads the modules automatically.

Note that OpenBSD will default to a UEFI installation if a GPT disk is used and will install a non-UEFI system to an msdos disk.
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Old 4th March 2019
shep shep is offline
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Quote:
Originally Posted by Head_on_a_Stick View Post
The only caveat here is that some defective UEFI implementations will boot $ESP/EFI/BOOT/BOOTX64.EFI automatically even if Debian's GRUB creates NVRAM entries instructing the motherboard to do otherwise, in that case moving BOOTX64.EFI will be necessary to load GRUB's menu.
On my install Debian produced a $ESP/EFI/BOOT/bootx64.efi. I had read that EFI partitions were msdos and I was concerned that bootx64.efi would not be distinguished from BOOTX64.EFI. Hence I renamed it and placed it in a location specified in 40_custom. This was in part based on a post in the OpenBSD mailing list where BOOTX64.EFI was renamed.

Debian 10 is rolling out a secure boot that needs the linux boot kernel placed in /boot. I have not ventured into this as far as secure Dual booting with OpenBSD.

https://wiki.debian.org/SecureBoot

https://wiki.debian.org/SecureBoot/Discussion
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Old 5th March 2019
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Quote:
Originally Posted by shep View Post
This is still relevant for MBR bootloaders. In the interim GPT/UEFI bootloading has become a newer option for supported hardware. I'm presently running Debian 10(Buster) and OpenBSD 6.4 with a GPT bootloader and this entry in Debian /etc/grub.d/40_custom
Thanks, good to know. MBR will be the route I'll be going with this particular machine(AMD Phenom II x4 965).
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Old 22nd July 2016
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jggimi jggimi is offline
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To answer one very specific question:
Quote:
Originally Posted by Funkygoby View Post
When does OpenBSD fdisk proceed? I though that any writing on disk wouldn't occur until I say so?
In command mode, "quit" will write your changes. You must use "exit". Excerpted from fdisk(8).
Code:
     exit    Exit the current level of fdisk, either returning to the
             previously selected in-memory copy of a MBR, or exiting the
             program if there is none.

     quit    Exit the current level of fdisk, either returning to the
             previously selected in-memory copy of a MBR, or exiting the
             program if there is none.  Unlike exit it does write the modified
             block out.
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Old 22nd July 2016
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Shep's way works fine, I've used it frequently. I have a short page that goes into a bit more detail, but basically reiterates what was said in Shep's post.

https://srobb.net/openbsdmultiboot.html

Last edited by scottro; 22nd July 2016 at 08:17 PM.
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Old 22nd July 2016
e1-531g e1-531g is offline
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I have Windows and OpenBSD dualboot and I use similar shep's way.
I use Grub-modern (Grub2) from Debian Jessie amd64 Live Standard image as bootloader. I don't have Debian installed and I haven't while installing OpenBSD and/or bootloader. Just booted from Live image and installed Grub2.
Grub2 is far less bloated than Windows boot menu program.
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Old 25th July 2016
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OpenBSD's fdisk was rewritten in 1997. Prior to that it used a port of NetBSD's fdisk.
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Old 28th July 2016
Nureo Nureo is offline
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Well. Here I found a solution. For Debian, through Trisquel (based on Ubuntu: based on Debian). Both uses GRUB2 any way.

For what I heard (just opinions, they depends of hardware), is better to install OpenBSD in a first partition, and in the second a GNU system, if you want the dual boot. But is OK.

You have GNU on the first partition. Did you install OpenBSD in a second? Well, let's configure GRUB2 on Debian:

Quote:
$ sudo nano /etc/grub.d/40_custom
Immediately downside of comments (with those "#") lines. Initial "..." are a “Tab”:

Quote:
menuentry "OpenBSD" {
...set root=(hd0,1)
...chainloader +1
}
If you have OpenBSD on the first partition, this section: “...set root=(hd0,1)” stays like that. If it is not, just change, and put “...set root=(hd0,2)”. If you have troubles, please tell me here.

When you get it, just "Ctrl+X", "Y" (yes), and "Enter". Changes saved.

Like root:

Quote:
# update-grub
And then...

Quote:
# grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg
Almost done...

GRUB2 may ask you for a user to log into a Operative System partition. The user will be "grub", but you don't know the password (five numbers).

You can use the password, by knowing it, or you can delete it by editing a configuration text:
Quote:
$ sudo nano /boot/grub/grub.cfg
When it says:
Quote:
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/01_PASSWORD ###
set superusers=grub
password grub FIVENUMBERS
### END /etc/grub.d/01_PASSWORD ###
If you don't want any more the password requirement, do this (comment this lines):
Quote:
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/01_PASSWORD ###
### set superusers=grub
### password grub FIVENUMBERS
### END /etc/grub.d/01_PASSWORD ###
"Ctrl+X", "Y" (yes), y "Enter". Changes saved.

NOTE: Do not try then "sudo update-grub" or "sudo update-grub2". If you do it the password may be reestablished.

Well. Reboot, and tell us how it goes!
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Old 28th July 2016
shep shep is offline
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Quote:
For what I heard (just opinions, they depends of hardware), is better to install OpenBSD in a first partition, and in the second a GNU system, if you want the dual boot. But is OK.
I've read that a number of factors need to be considered to optimize a partition layout.

The lower numbered partitions occupy a more peripheral, physical location on the disk - more disk area will pass the read/write head per revolution.

Using this rationale, I would put the OS that I intend to predominately utilize on the lower numbered, more peripheral partitions.
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Old 29th July 2016
girarde girarde is offline
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Default platter surface speed

If platter surface speed is going to matter very much, either you have pretty old disks or your application is sufficiently time critical that you should rethink dual booting without adding a spindle for the second OS.
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